How To Use Flask app.route Function In Python To Define Static & Dynamic Route

This article will tell you how to use the flask app.route() function to define static and dynamic routes in python with examples.

1. The Flask app.route Function Overview.

  1. Bind URL to related process function.
  2. There are two ways to call the route() function: static routing and dynamic routing.

2. Static Routing And Dynamic Routing.

2.1 Static Routing Example.

  1. Use the annotation function @app.route(“/ xxx”) to defines a static route function.
  2. XXX is a static path, such as /index, /base, this function can return a value, string, page, etc.
  3. Below are some flask static route function definition examples.
    # Import the flask module.
    from flask import Flask
    
    # Get the flask app object.
    app = Flask(__name__)
    
    # Use the app.route() function to define the static route, it will be called when client request the url /hello.
    # This function will return a string to client.
    @app.route('/hello')
    def hello_world():
        return 'Hello World!!!'
    
    # This static route function will be invoked when client request the url /pro.
    # This function will return a web page login.html.    
    @app.route('/pro')
    def index():
        return render_template('login.html')
    
    # Run the flask application when run this python program, set debug mode to true.
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        app.run(debug = True)

2.2 Dynamic Routing Example.

  1. The dynamic routing function is still defined by the annotation function @app.route (“/< XXX >”).
  2. The <XXX> is a dynamic path, we can use < > to transfer the dynamic URL.
  3. Below is an example of how to define and use the flask dynamic routing.
    # Import the flask module.
    from flask import Flask
    # Create the flask application object.
    app = Flask(__name__)
    
    # Define a dynamic route function to process any request with the URL start with /hello-world/ ( for example: /hello-world/jerry )
    @app.route('/hello-world/<name>')
    def hello_world_name(name):
       return 'Hello World %s!' % name
    
    # Run the flask application.
    if __name__ == '__main__':
       app.run(debug = True)
  4. Then when the client requests the URL HTTP:// localhost:8080/hello-world/Trump.
  5. It will show the text Hello World Trump on the returned web page.

3. The Other Parameters Of The Flask app.route Function.

3.1 The methods Parameter Of The app.route Function.

  1. The methods parameter of the @app.route() function is the request method supported by the current view function.
  2. There are 2 values of the methods, they are ‘GET’ & ‘POST’, if it is not set, the default value is ‘GET’.
  3. The methods parameter values are case insensitive.
  4. Set methods = [‘get’] means that the request function support the GET method.
  5. Set methods = [‘post’] means that the request function support the POST method.
  6. Set methods = [‘get’,’post’] means that the request function support both GET & POST method.
  7. Below is an example of using the methods parameter.
      # Define the flask static route funciton, this function support both the HTTP GET and POST request method. 
      @app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
      def login():
          # If the request method is GET, then show the login.html page to the client.
          if request.method == 'GET':
              return render_template('login.html')
          # If the request method is POST, then get username, password value posted from the client.
          elif request.method == 'POST':
              # Get client post username and password.
              username = request.form.get('username')
              pwd = request.form.get('pwd')
    
              # username and password is correct.
              if username == 'jerry' and pwd == '123456':
                  # Set username value in session.
                  session['username'] = username
                  # Return login success text.
                  return 'login successed 200  ok!'
              else:
                  # If username and password is not correct.
                  # Return login fail text.
                  return 'login failed!!!'
    

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