Python

Python’s built-in @property decorator can make a class’s method-call like property-call. That is to say, the method call of foo.func() can be changed into foo.func. Besides @property decorator, there is also a built-in function property() can do the same thing. This article will tell you how to use @property decorator and property() function to achieve […]

In a java-like language, you have the private keyword, which makes certain variables and methods private, preventing external access. However, python does not have this mechanism. Python does this by changing variable and method names. In Python, if you want to make an internal member private, you can put two underscores ( __ ) before

Python classes, all methods of classes and class variables have only one copy in memory, and all instances of one python class share them. Each instance keeps its own and its own instance variables in memory. When an instance is created, in addition to encapsulating instance variables, a class object pointer is saved in the

Python has a built-in open() method for reading and writing files. Using the open() method to operate a file can be divided into three steps: first, open the file, second, operate the file, and third, close the file. The return value of the open() method is a file object that can be assigned to a

Sometimes, the number of elements in a sequence or collection is very large. If all elements are created and put into memory, the pressure on the computer is very large. For example, suppose you need to get a data set of 10 ** 20 size, which is so huge, generate every number and put it

Iteration is the process of iterating through each element of an object through a for loop. Python’s for syntax is powerful enough to iterate over any object. In python, list / tuple / string / dict / set / bytes are all data types that can be iterated.

Python language has a unique comprehension syntax, which is equivalent to the existence of syntactic sugar. It can help you to write relatively simple and cool code in some occasions. But without it, it would not have much impact. There are several types of comprehensions in python, we will list them as below one by

When we create python functions, sometimes we do not need to define python functions explicitly, and it is more convenient to pass them into anonymous functions directly. This saves us the trouble of trying to name functions, and we can also write less code. Many programming languages provide this feature. The so-called anonymity means that

For various reasons, we will need to install many versions of the Python interpreters under the same operating system. We may also need different versions of the same module for various reasons in one Python project. This causes a lot of confusion in Python environment management. Usually, different Python interpreters and dependency libraries are required

Usually in Python, we use multi-threading or multi-processing to implement concurrent programming. Computing-intensive tasks for cpu are usually implemented by multi-processor because of GIL, while io-intensive tasks can be scheduled by threads to allow threads to relinquish GIL while performing io tasks, thus achieving superficial concurrency.